Fatimah
| Fatima Zahra | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Native name | فاطمة |
| Born | c. 605[1][2] or 615[3] Mecca[4] |
| Died | 3 Jumada al-Thani "disputed"11 AH (August 18, 632) |
| Resting place | disputed |
| Title |
|
| Spouse(s) | Ali ibn Abi Talib |
| Children | |
| Parent(s) | |
| Relatives | Ibrahim (brother)[6] |
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 Shia Islam portal |
Fatimah bint Muhammad (/ˈfætəmə, ˈfɑːtiːˌmɑː/; Arabic: فاطمة Fāṭimah;[pronunciation 1] born c. 605[1][2] or 615[3] (or 20 Jumada al-Thani 5 BH [July 27, 604 AD] ?[4]) – died 28 August 632 [disputed]) was the youngest daughter of the Islamic Nabi (Arabic: نَـبِي, Prophet) Muhammad and her mother Khadijah, therefore, one of the members of Muhammad's Bayt (Arabic: بـيـت, 'Household'). She was a wife of 'Ali and mother of Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn.[1][2][7] She is the object of love and respect of all Muslims, as she was the child closest to her father and supported him in his difficulties, was the supporter and loving caretaker of her own husband and children, and was the only child of Muhammad to have male children live beyond childhood, whose descendants are spread throughout the Islamic world and are known as Sayyids. The 11th century dynasty ruling Egypt at the time of the Crusades, the Fatimids, claimed descent from her.[1]
For Muslims, Fatimah is an inspiring example and 'Fatimah' is one of the most popular girl's names throughout the Muslim world.[8]
Fatimah is a vital character in the religion of Islam and is considered a role model for all Muslim women.[9] Although there is controversy between different sects of Islam regarding her political role, she is the daughter of Muhammad and is loved by all Muslims.[10]
Birth
Fatimah was born in Mecca to Khadija, the first of Muhammad's wives. There are differences of opinion on the exact date of her birth, but the widely accepted view is that she was born five years before the first Quranic revelations,[7] during the time of the rebuilding of the Kaaba in 605,[11][12][13] although this does imply she was over 18 at the time of her marriage, which was unusual in Arabia.[1] Twelver Shia sources, however, state that she was born either two or five years after the first Qur'anic revelations,[3] but that timeline would imply her mother was over fifty at the time of her birth.[1]
Fatimah had three sisters named Zainab, Umm Kulthum, and Ruqayyah and two brothers named Tayyab and Qasim respectively. While Sunnis believe Zainab, Ruqayyah, and Umm Kulthum to be the other daughters of Muhammad, Shias believe that they were actually the daughters of Hala, the sister of Khadijah, who were adopted by Muhammad and Khadijah at her death. A strong reason given by the Shi'a scholars for this belief is the event of (Mubahala) mentioned in the Quran, in which there is no reference to the presence of any other female apart from Fatimah, however Sunnis accept that Muhammad had four daughters all from Khadijah.[14]
Iranians celebrate Fatima Zahra's birth anniversary, which is also designated as Mother's Day in the country.[15]
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